| BACKGROUND |
| OVERVIEW |
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In the absence of comprehensive registration of population and vital statistics, demographic surveys are the primary source of data use in monitoring the progress and evaluating the impact of the population program in the country. The Philippine Population Program was officially launched in 1970. Since then it has undergone many changes in its policy and program directions. In the beginning, the program was centered on fertility reduction and contraceptive distribution, using a clinic based approach. In the 1970's the family planning program shifted to a family welfare approach, adopting a combined clinic and community -based delivery approach. In the 0980's, the population policy was restated, calling for the broadening of population concerns beyond fertility reduction to cover family formation, the status of woman, maternal and child health, morbidity and mortality, population distribution and urbanization, internal and international migration, and population structure (Commission on Population, 1997:1).
The Philippines Population Management Program (PPMP) was developed in 1993 to supplant the Philippine Population Program (Philippine NGO Council on Population, Health and welfare, Inc., 1998:25). The PPMP adopted the population, resources and environment (PRE) framework, which defines the connection between population and sustainable development. Its overall goal is the improvement of quality of life by creating a favorable environment for achieving rational growth and distribution of population, defined in relation to resources and environment. Since 1998, the program has aimed to promote the reproductive health approach in the implementation of population policies and programs. Specifically, the Philippine Family Planning Program promotes family planning within a comprehensive package or reproductive health services (Commission on Population, 1997:17).
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The action agenda includes the following (Commission on Population, 1997:19).
r Reducing unmet need for family planning services r Reducing incidence of high-risk pregnancies r Making available high-quality family planning services r Reducing abortion r Increasing the participation on sharing of responsibility of men in the practice of family planning
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The Department of Health (DOH) is the lead agency for the reproductive health and family planning components of the PPMP. The Commission on Population (POPCOM) is the coordinating agency body of PPP (Commission on Population, 1997:5-6).
The PPMP directional plan for 2001-2004ed to continue pursuing responsible parenthood within the context of sustainable development, with emphasis on the health rationale of family planning and on the exercise of reproductive health and sexual rights. The Directional Plan aimed to reduce or eliminate the unmet need for family planning and ultimately achieve replacement-level fertility, that is about 2 children per couple in the year 2004 (POPCOM, 2000).
The PPMP Directional Plan was updated during the administration of the President Gloria Macapagal-Aroyo through the development of Strategic Operational Plan (SOP). The PPMP SOP will focus on addressing the unmet need for family planning among poor couples, and the sexuality and fertility information needs of adolescents and youth, especially among those who are poor (POPCOM, 2002). Strategic action areas are: 1) service delivery, 2) IEC/advocacy, and 3) capacity building. POPCOM, in coordination with the DOH, will advocate for the promotion of the Family Planning/Reproductive Health (FR/RF) services. The DOH will implement the clinic-based of FP/RH services.
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