The VPI in key manufacturing enterprises went up by 23.7 percent to 524.6 in November 1997 from 424.2 a year ago. On a month-on-month comparison, the VPI also registered an increase of 7.6 percent from 487.6 in October 1997. These figures were based on the results of the Survey of Key Enterprises in Manufacturing (SKEM), a regular monthly survey of the National Statistics Office aimed to provide flash indicators on the performance of key manufacturing enterprises